README CITATION US EPA, 2026, " CMAQ Model Version 5.5 CRACMM2 CAP-HAP Input Data – 12/01/2024 - 12/31/2025 12km CONUS ", https://doi.org/10.15139/S3/JYXFZY, UNC Dataverse, V1. CONTACT Havala Pye 0000-0002-2014-2140 DESCRIPTION CMAQ input data for the CRACMM2 chemical mechanism for a 12/01/2024 - 12/31/2025 simulation over the Continental US. The files are consistent with CMAQv5.5 CRACMM2, but data can be used in CMAQv5.4 and later and all versions of CRACMM with appropriate adjustments. METEOROLOGY INPUTS This dataset includes meteorology inputs for CMAQ. Meteorology was simulated using WRFv4.6.0 with 35 layers and processed through MCIP v5.5 to create CMAQ-ready files. The configuration follows previous work (Pye et al., 2026) with and update to use HRRR data. Boundary layer physics use ACM2 with the surface layer and land surface model using the Pleim-Xiu scheme. The cumulus scheme uses Kain Fritsch with cu_rad_feedback=.true. and lightning assimilation. Microphysics follow the Morrison 2 moment approach. RRTMG is used for radiation. Initialization data comes from the 12km NAM (218) with HRRR overlay for wrfsfdda. NAM data was missing for August 24-September 22 so GFS at 0.25 degree was used then. Sea surface temperature is from GHRSST, and land cover data from NLCD2019. Analysis nudging to the wrfsfdda files including HRRR was used. The WRF namelist is included in this dataset for documentation. EMISSIONS INPUTS 2025 CRACMM2 emissions (labeled 'cracmmv2') here largely follow the EPA 2022v2 platform (2022he case) (US EPA OAQPS, 2025) and the CRACMM speciation approaches of Pye et al. (2026). Emissions include criteria air pollutants (CAPs), hazardous air pollutants (HAPs), and their precursors. These inputs contain a full suite of HAPs. HAPs labeled as T_{species} are not required for an ozone or PM2.5 simulation as they are tracers external to the radical budget. They can be added as optional species at runtime by updating the model species namelists and DESID file. See https://www.epa.gov/cmaq/modeling-toxic-air-pollutants-cmaq and the CMAQ code repository as well as Pye et al. (2026) for information on how to run a full suite of HAPs. HAPs without T_ labeling are within the radical budget and required emissions in any CRACMM simulation. NBAFM (naphthalene, benzene, acetaldehyde, formaldhyde, methanol) are from explicit emission inventory methods. NBAFM is speciation-based (a fraction of VOC or TOG) where inventory HAPs are not available, e.g. Canada, consistent with 2022v2 platform methodology. Three VOC HAPs other than NBAFM (ethylbenzene, toluene, styrene) have both the usual speciation-based version that is part of the CRACMM mechanism (EBZ, TOL, STY), and an inventory-based version (T_EBZ, T_TOL, T_STY) Diesel PM species were renamed T_DSL_PM* (formerly T_DIESEL_PM*). CMAQ-ready emissions include two model-ready gridded sectors (N_EMIS_GR 2) and 12 point sectors (N_EMIS_PT 12), all of which are mutually exclusive and required in any simulation: - merged_nobeis_norwc: merged 2-D emissions, excluding biogenics/fertilizer/RWC - rwc: premerged residential wood combustion 2-D emissions - canmex_point: Canada Mexico point sources - cmv_c1c2_12: Commercial marine vessels with Category 1-2 engines - cmv_c3_12: Commercial marine vessels with Category 3 engines - ptagfire: Agricultural fires - ptfire-rx: Prescribed fires - ptfire-wild: U.S. wild fires - ptfire_canada: Fires in Canada - ptfire_mexiona: Fires in Mexico - ptegu: EGUs - ptnonipm: Industrial emissions excluding EGUs - ptnonipm_hr: Ptnonipm (non-EGUs) with continuous emissions monitoring data - pt_oilgas: Oil and gas activities Select point sectors use representative dates instead of daily emissions: canmex_point (mwdss_N column in representative date files, smk_dates), ptnonipm (mwdss_Y), and pt_oilgas (mwdss_Y). Biogenic emissions, sea spray, lightning, and windblown dust emissions are not provided in the gridded or point emission files and should be computed within CMAQ at runtime. Day-specific CMAQ-ready EPIC output (in epic directory) is provided to compute bidirectional (bidi) ammonia emissions. Files are not provided for bidi ammonia during the December 2024 spinup. Updates from the 2022v2 platform include: - 2025 meteorological data was used, affecting emissions for onroad (and onroad_ca_adj) and afdust (and canada_afdust, canada_ptdust), and affecting daily temporalization for RWC and hourly temporalization for livestock - 2025 CEMs data was used for the ptegu and ptnonipm_hr (nonEGUs with CEMs data) sectors - 2022 hourly CMV emissions were mapped to 2025 dates using consistent day-of-week mapping - 2025 fires were included Wildland fires are based on HMS satellite data, and the WFIGS, FACTS, CALMAPPER, and ICS fire datasets, for year 2025. HMS satellite data follows 2023 NEI methods, in which all HMS detects are processed through SMARTFIRE2 (SF2), and filtered post-SF2 using land cover to identify agricultural burning. Flint Hills emissions were prepared using standard EPA methodology (based on acres burned by county from Kansas Flint Hills report, allocated to days/points using HMS data). Pilecalc utility was used to compute emissions for pile burns identified by SF2 run and post-processing. BlueSky Pipeline was run with a fire speciation profiles and emission factors updated to include additional gas-phase emissions in the intermediate volatility range (largely reported as unspeciated compounds). Agricultural fires identified in SF2 processing and post-processing were run through an ag-burn-specific configuration of BlueSky Pipeline. Canada fires are based on HMS satellite data and the NBAC dataset for 2025. Mexico fires are from FINNv2.5 with the following 2025 dates gap-filled by date-shifting from the previous day's fires due to missing dates: 4/29, 5/29, 11/14, 12/13. Total organic gas speciation profiles for Mexico were updated to SPECIATE profiles 96001/96006, consistent with other Mexico fire applications with FINNv2.5. Primary organic aerosol (POA) in the emissions files is stored as volatility-resolved species using CRACMM names (see SI of Pye et al., 2026). Emissions on the input files map 1:1 to CRACMM2 species names in DESID (Murphy et al., 2021). Murphy et al. (2023) mobile source organic speciation profiles with CROC/OM adjustments are included. All other sources use CROC/OM=1 and GROC/VOC=1. BOUNDARY AND INITIAL CONDITIONS INPUTS This dataset includes initial conditions (ICON) which are needed for a CMAQ-CRACMM simulation. For initial conditions, a profile in CB6 species was used in the ICON utility. Combine (with Species Definition files from the CMAQ code repository) was then used to map the CB6-based profile ICON to CRACMM species. One full month of model inputs for December 2024 is provided for spinup and can be used to remove the effect of the profile conditions. Boundary conditions are also needed for a CMAQ-CRACMM simulation and are not provided in this dataset. For boundary conditions, AQMBC (https://github.com/barronh/aqmbc), provides utilities to map publicly available GEOS-CF chemical data to CRACMM species and create CMAQ-ready boundary condition files. A BCON utility that can create profile boundary conditions is also provided with as part of the CMAQ model code (https://github.com/USEPA/CMAQ). ADDITIONAL REQUIRED INPUTS FOR CMAQ Users will also need certain other input files to perform a 2025 12US1 simulation of CMAQ using CRACMM. The following mechanism and time independent files are included with this 2025 data repository: - GRIDDESC grid description file for the 12US1 domain - Gridded normalized biogenic emission factors for running with inline BEISv4 - Ocean files needed for sea spray emissions - Brown vegetation files for future CMAQ versions The following mechanism independent files are also needed: - Lightning data from WWLLN for in-line lightning NOx emissions SCRIPTS AND CONTROL FILES The user will need to configure a run script and CMAQ Control DESID file for running CMAQ with these 2025 input files. CMAQv5.5 with CRACMM2 is the latest public code that would use these inputs. A good starting point is the 2022 CMAQv5.5 CRACMM2 scripts and DESID file at https://doi.org/10.15139/S3/BDLBTW. For a HAP configuration, see the 2023 CMAQ CRACMM scripts at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16099069. A processor log file should be checked to confirm emissions mapping which should indicate 1:1 mappings between species on the emissions files and what is used in the simulation. VOC_INV, UNR, CO2_INV, N2O_INV, NMOG, and TOM_INV species are not used in CMAQ-CRACMM simulations. T_{species} are not required for an ozone or PM2.5 simulation. Note that bidi ammonia will need to be off for the spinup period (see 2023 scripts for a template). RESOURCES FOR SETTING UP A CMAQ SIMULATION CMAQ benchmark tutorial for CRACMM2 (https://github.com/USEPA/CMAQ/blob/main/DOCS/Users_Guide/Tutorials/CMAQ_UG_tutorial_benchmark_cracmm2_stage.md): describes how to prepare your Linux system for installing and running CMAQ. For information on CRACMM emission version compatibility, see this guidance: https://usepa.github.io/CRACMM/emissions/README.html. FILE FORMAT The 2025 model inputs are stored as uncompressed netcdf formatted files using I/O API data structures. Information on the model projection and grid structure is contained in the header information of the netcdf files. The netcdf files can be opened and manipulated using I/O API utilities (e.g. M3XTRACT, M3WNDW) or other software programs that can read and write netcdf formatted files (e.g. Fortran, R, Python). RECOMMENDED CITATIONS/RELATED PUBLICATIONS For traceability, please cite use of these inputs with the dataset doi of https://doi.org/10.15139/S3/JYXFZY. For method documentation, please cite the article below that best matches your usage of the data and the systems featured in your work: * Pye et al. (2023): Overall CRACMM approach for chemistry and emissions and CRACMM version 1. * Skipper et al. (2024): CRACMM version 2, updated gas-phase emissions mapping rules for select species, formaldehyde. * Pye et al. (2026): CRACMM HAP capability and POA volatility in CRACMM2. * US EPA OAQPS (2025): 2022r2 emissions inventory methods. RELATED PUBLICATIONS Murphy, B. N.; Nolte, C. G.; Sidi, F.; Bash, J. O.; Appel, K. W.; Jang, C.; Kang, D.; Kelly, J.; Mathur, R.; Napelenok, S.; Pouliot, G.; and Pye, H. O. T., The Detailed Emissions Scaling, Isolation, and Diagnostic (DESID) module in the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) Modeling System version 5.3.2, Geosci Model Dev 2021, 14, 3407-3420. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-3407-2021. Murphy, B. N., Sonntag, D., Seltzer, K. M., Pye, H. O. T., Allen, C., Murray, E., Toro, C., Gentner, D. R., Huang, C., Jathar, S., Li, L., May, A. A., and Robinson, A. L.: Reactive organic carbon air emissions from mobile sources in the United States, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 13469–13483, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13469-2023, 2023. Pye, H. O. T. Place, B. K., Murphy, B. N., Seltzer, K. M., D’Ambro, E. L., Allen, C., Piletic, I. R., Farrell, S., Schwantes, R. H., Coggon, M. M., Saunders, E., Xu, L., Sarwar, G., Hutzell, W. T., Foley, K. M., Pouliot, G., Bash, J., and Stockwell, W. R., Linking gas, particulate, and toxic endpoints to air emissions in the Community Regional Atmospheric Chemistry Multiphase Mechanism (CRACMM), Atmos Chem Phys, 23, 5043–5099, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5043-2023 Pye, H. O. T., Hutzell, W. T., Fann, N. L., Skipper, T. N., Pye, M., Beidler, J., Allen, C., Murphy, B. N., D’Ambro, E. L., Lin, S., Talgo, K., Reynolds, L., Kang, D., Bash, J., Seltzer, K. M., Farrell, S. L., Appel, K. W., Brehme, K., Gilliam, R. C., Henderson, B. H. and Chan, A. W. H.: The risks to human health of air toxics, PM2.5, and ozone from the 2023 Canadian wildfires, Environ. Sci. Technolo. Lett., 2026. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.5c01181 Skipper, T. N., D'Ambro, E. L., Wiser, F. C., McNeill, V. F., Schwantes, R. H., Henderson, B. H., Piletic, I. R., Baublitz, C. B., Bash, J. O., Whitehill, A. R., Valin, L. C., Mouat, A. P., Kaiser, J., Wolfe, G. M., St. Clair, J. M., Hanisco, T. F., Fried, A., Place, B. K., and Pye, H. O. T.: Role of chemical production and depositional losses on formaldehyde in the Community Regional Atmospheric Chemistry Multiphase Mechanism (CRACMM), Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 12903–12924, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12903-2024 US EPA OAQPS, Technical Support Document (TSD): Preparation of Emissions Inventories for the 2022v2 North American Emissions Modeling Platform, EPA-454/B-25-002, https://www.epa.gov/air-emissions-modeling/2022v2-emissions-modeling-platform-technical-support-document, 2025. US EPA, 2025, "CMAQ Model Versions 5.5 CRACMM2 Input Data -- 12/01/2022 - 12/31/2023 12km CONUS + Canada",  UNC Dataverse, V1. https://doi.org/10.15139/S3/GL41QC. CONTRIBUTORS Project Leader: Havala Pye Project Member: Christine Allen Project Member: Lara Reynolds Project Member: Daiwen Kang DISCLAIMER: This data product has been reviewed in accordance with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency policy and approved for public release. At the time of release, the data had not yet been published in peer-reviewed literature. The data is provided for research and the user should verify the data is suitable for their intended use.